04/12/2024
The homeland of tomatoes is Central and South America, where wild and semi-cultivated forms of tomatoes are still found. They were domesticated by the inhabitants of Mexico, who gave the plant and its fruits the name "chi-tomatl" ("big physalis"). In the days of the Aztecs, tomatoes were added to sauces, fried, stewed, and also used to pay tribute.
In 1498, Christopher Columbus first brought tomatoes to Spain and Portugal. Europeans shortened their name to "tomato". The first descriptions of the plant come from Italy in the first half of the 16th century. In 1544, Pietro Andrea Matthioli in his description of the plant called it "Pomi d'oro" (golden apple), and in 1554 he introduced the Latin term Mala aurea, which has the same translation.
In the 17th and 18th centuries, these plants were used primarily as decorative plants. In North America, tomatoes were considered deadly poisonous for a long time. However, the well-known legend that, with the consent of the English King George III, these "red berries" were used to "poison" the fighter for the independence of the USA, George Washington, who, of course, successfully survived the "assassination", is a fiction created in 1959. Individual cases of medical use were also known - in the English translation of Tournafort's book "The Complete Herbal" (1719) it is mentioned that already at that time tomato fruits were eaten in Italy. And already at the end of the 18th century, according to the encyclopedia "Britannica", the use of tomato fruits in food became common and everyday.